Acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase

[Isoform 1]: Acts as a front-end fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 located between a preexisting double bond and the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Specifically, desaturates dihomo-gamma-linoleoate (DGLA) (20:3n-6) and eicosatetraenoate (ETA) (20:4n-3) to generate arachidonate (AA) (20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA) (20:5n-3), respectively. As a rate limiting enzyme for DGLA (20:3n-6) and AA (20:4n-6)-derived eicosanoid biosynthesis, controls the metabolism of inflammatory lipids like prostaglandin E2, critical for efficient acute inflammatory response and maintenance of epithelium homeostasis. Contributes to membrane phospholipid biosynthesis by providing AA (20:4n-6) as a major acyl chain esterified into phospholipids. In particular, regulates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate levels, modulating inflammatory cytokine production in T-cells (By similarity). Also desaturates (11E)-octadecenoate (trans-vaccenoate)(18:1n-9), a metabolite in the biohydrogenation pathway of LA (18:2n-6) (By similarity).; [Isoform 2]: Does not exhibit any catalytic activity toward 20:3n-6, but it may enhance FADS2 activity.

PDB Code:
Native
Stable
Pure
Active protein
Recombinant protein
Human Origin
Entry name:
FADS1_HUMAN
Gene name:
FADS1
Uniprot accession:
O60427
Origin:
Homo sapiens (Human)
Protein family:
Fatty acid desaturase type 1
Full-length:
444
Mass:
51964
Sequence:
MAPDPVAAETAAQGPTPRYFTWDEVAQRSGCEERWLVIDRKVYNISEFTRRHPGGSRVISHYAGQDATDPFVAFHINKGLVKKYMNSLLIGELSPEQPSFEPTKNKELTDEFRELRATVERMGLMKANHVFFLLYLLHILLLDGAAWLTLWVFGTSFLPFLLCAVLLSAVQAQAGWLQHDFGHLSVFSTSKWNHLLHHFVIGHLKGAPASWWNHMHFQHHAKPNCFRKDPDINMHPFFFALGKILSVELGKQKKKYMPYNHQHKYFFLIGPPALLPLYFQWYIFYFVIQRKKWVDLAWMITFYVRFFLTYVPLLGLKAFLGLFFIVRFLESNWFVWVTQMNHIPMHIDHDRNMDWVSTQLQATCNVHKSAFNDWFSGHLNFQIEHHLFPTMPRHNYHKVAPLVQSLCAKHGIEYQSKPLLSAFADIIHSLKESGQLWLDAYLHQ
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